Firearm Basics Ep. 1: Cleaning 101 - A Beginner’s Guide to Keeping Your Gun Clean, Safe, and Reliable

Firearm Basics Ep. 1: Cleaning 101 - A Beginner’s Guide to Keeping Your Gun Clean, Safe, and Reliable

A Beginner’s Guide to Keeping Your Gun Clean, Safe, and Reliable

Whether you’re a seasoned hunter or a new gun owner, one of the most important parts of firearm ownership is regular cleaning. Not only does it extend the life of your firearm, but it also ensures your safety and performance in the field.

In this first post of our Firearm Basics series, we’re diving into the essentials of gun cleaning — what you need, how often to clean, and a simple step-by-step guide.

Why Cleaning Your Firearm Matters

Your firearm faces a lot of wear and tear — from carbon build-up, unburnt powder, moisture, and debris. Regular cleaning helps:

  • Maintain accuracy

  • Prevent rust and corrosion

  • Reduce the risk of malfunction

  • Comply with safe storage practices

Even if it’s not used often, a dirty gun is a dangerous gun.

Basic Firearm Cleaning Supplies

Before you start, gather the following items:

  • Cleaning rod or bore snake

  • Patches and patch holder

  • Gun-specific solvent

  • Gun oil or lubricant

  • Nylon or brass brush

  • Lint-free cloth or rags

  • Protective gloves and eye protection

  • Optional: Cleaning mat and Q-tips for hard-to-reach spots

How Often Should You Clean Your Gun?

  • After each use: Especially if you've fired several rounds.

  • Seasonally: For hunters, clean before and after hunting season.

  • Long-term storage: Clean thoroughly before storing your firearm for extended periods.

Step-by-Step Cleaning Guide

⚠️ Always make sure your firearm is unloaded before beginning.

1. Disassemble

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to field strip your firearm. You don’t need a full breakdown — just the parts that need regular cleaning: barrel, bolt, slide, etc.

2. Clean the Barrel

  • Run a solvent-soaked patch through the barrel.

  • Use a bore brush to loosen any residue.

  • Follow with clean patches until they come out clean.

  • Finish with a light layer of gun oil.

3. Clean the Action

Use your brush and cloth to clean the bolt, slide, and any internal components. Wipe away carbon build-up and apply lubricant where needed.

4. Wipe Down the Exterior

Use a clean cloth with a small amount of oil to protect the metal parts from rust. Don’t overdo it — just enough to coat the surface.

5. Reassemble and Function Check

Put the firearm back together and perform a basic function check (dry fire, slide rack, etc.) to ensure everything is smooth and safe.

Final Tips

  • Don’t mix oils and solvents — use products made for firearms.

  • Store your firearm in a cool, dry place after cleaning.

  • Use a gun sock or safe to prevent moisture damage.

  • Keep a cleaning log if you’re managing multiple firearms.

🔄 Coming Up Next in the Series:

Firearm Basics Ep. 2: Safe Storage & Transport — stay tuned for best practices, gear reviews, and legal must-knows.

 

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